What is the function of the Engine Control Unit (ECU)?

The Engine Control Unit (ECU) plays a critical role in managing the engine's performance by regulating the fuel mixture and injection timing. It receives inputs from various sensors throughout the engine, such as those that monitor air flow, temperature, and exhaust gases. By analyzing this data, the ECU adjusts the fuel delivery and timing to optimize engine efficiency, performance, and emissions. This dynamic management is essential for ensuring that the engine runs smoothly and meets specific performance standards under varying conditions.

While the ECU may have an indirect influence on emissions control, its primary purpose is centered around fuel and timing management, which directly impacts how effectively the engine operates. Other options describe functions that may be associated with vehicle systems, but they do not capture the core responsibilities of the ECU.