What occurs as engine speed increases in a mechanical governor system?

As engine speed increases in a mechanical governor system, the flyweights, which are attached to the governor, begin to spin outward due to centrifugal force. This outward movement exerts a force on the sliding cup, causing it to adjust the position of the governor arm. This adjustment, in turn, modifies the throttle plate's position, allowing more or less air-fuel mixture to enter the engine based on the engine's required speed. The primary purpose of this mechanism is to maintain a consistent engine speed regardless of load changes, thus enhancing engine performance, efficiency, and stability.

The effectiveness of this system lies in its ability to dynamically respond to changes in engine speed, ensuring that the engine operates within a desired range.